April is Child Abuse Prevention Month. As parents, caregivers and loved ones we need to take this time to educate ourselves and our children. We have to take the time to delve into the many resources that are available to us and find information to educate ourselves on the topic. We need to be aware of the signs and symptoms and where to get the help needed. As parents; we are our children’s voice and protectors and we set the tone and can make a difference.
According to the American Academy of Pediatrics more than 2.5 million cases of child abuse and neglect are reported each year. Thirty five percent (35%) involve physical abuse, 15% involve sexual abuse, and 50% involve neglect.
Most child abuse occurs within the family and is often instigated by family members, relatives, or friends of the family. Neglect often happens in families living in poverty or among parents who are teenagers or are drug or alcohol abusers. Many people are not aware of the resources available to them to help in those difficult times; therefore, they do not seek out the help needed. Many government and private agencies have programs to help families that find themselves struggling financially. It is these agencies and the help provided that will make the difference in some of the abuse circumstances.
Child abusers are often people who have experienced a form of abuse themselves. There has been an increase in child abuse outside the home, but the home remains the highest place for child abuse to occur. There is no child immune to child abuse; child abuse happens to boys and girls of all races, ethnicity, and social class. Children of all ages experience abuse and neglect; and all children are vulnerable to the effects of child abuse.
Different Forms of Abuse
Sexual abuse is any sexual activity that a child cannot comprehend or consent to. It includes acts such as fondling, oral-genital contact, and genital and anal intercourse, as well as exhibitionism, voyeurism, and exposure to pornography.
Physical abuse involves purposely injuring a child’s body. This could include bruising, burns, bone injury, head injury, and injury to an internal organ. Since a bruise indicates that body tissue has been damaged and blood vessels have broken, any discipline method that leaves bruises is by definition physical abuse.
Child neglect can include physical neglect (withholding food, clothing, shelter, or other physical necessities), emotional neglect (withholding love, comfort, or affection), or medical neglect (withholding needed medical care).
Psychological abuse results from all of the above, but also can be associated with verbal abuse.
The first step to helping abused or neglected children is to recognize the signs of abuse. This is not always easy to recognize, since children that are neglected or abuse will not be open to sharing this information with anyone. They believe that no-one will believe them or will blame them for what happened, or simply the person doing the abusing is someone close to them. Children will be withdrawn and turn away from anyone trying to reach to them. Parents tend to overlook symptoms, because they do not want to see the truth. Children who are abused need treatment as soon as possible. The longer a child is left to deal with the abuse on their own the less likely they will recover from the abuse.
Recognizing Signs of Child Abuse
These signs may signal the existence of child abuse
Changes in behavior at home and at school – may show signs of depression
Is passive, withdrawn, and often seeks to be alone
Always watchful and jumpy - seems constantly afraid of something happening
Has difficulty concentratings- shows no signs of physiological causes
Does not enjoy being at home seeks reasons to be outside the home
Does not exhibit emotional attachment to parent(s) or caregivers
Unexplained bruises to the body
The parent(s) or caregiver may also show signs during the abuse. They may also seem withdrawn from the child, and show little or no interest in the child’s behavior or welfare.
Recognizing Signs of Sexual Abuse
These signs may signal sexual abuse in the child
Demonstrates any unusual or adult knowledge of sexual behavior
May show physical changes in behavior - like walking, sitting, bruising in genital area
May have difficulty sleeping
Changes in behavior at home or school - shows signs of depression
Shows changes in behavior; often times withdrawn or angry
Reports sexual abuse by parent(s) or caregiver
The Parent also shows signs during the sexual abuse. They are often protective of the child, may not wish child around others especially the opposite sex. Very controlling with the child and may show signs of jealousy.
As a parent you are your child’s hope of getting treatment. You have to seek treatment immediately f you feel your child has been abused. Denying the situation will not help your child recover. Your child’s safety and welfare is the main priority; removing them from the harmful environment is your primary goal. If your child has been abused a qualified mental health professional can help give them the closure they need. As the parent it is also important to get some professional help also. In times like this it is important as a family to come together in order to overcome the effects of abuse. Child abuse and neglect affect everyone involved and can take many years to overcome, but in the end it will be love and strength that will give salvation.
Where to Get Help and Report Abuse
To get help in the US
1-800- 4-A-CHILD (1-800-422-4453) Childhelp National Child Abuse Hotline
To get help for sexual abuse
1-888-PREVENT (1-888-773-8368) Stop It Now
1-800-656-HOPE Rape Abuse & Incest National Network (RAINN)
The information contained in this publication should not be used as a substitute for the medical care and advice of your pediatrician and/or psychiatrist or psychologist. There may be variations in treatment that your pediatrician may recommend based on individual facts and circumstances.
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